Bone Problems in children with myotonic dystrophy

Editors Note: Clubfoot is a well know manifestation of congenital myotonic dystrophy. Other orthopedic issues are discussed in this article as well.

 

Orthopaedic Manifestations of Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy During Childhood and Adolescence

Canavese, Federico MD; Sussman, Michael D. MD

Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics: March 2009 – Volume 29 – Issue 2 – p 208-213
doi: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e3181982bf6
Selected Topics
BUY

Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CMD) is a dominantly inherited disorder manifested in childhood by muscle weakness which can be profound at birth, but which progressively improves over the first few years. Congenital myotonic dystrophy represents the severe end of the spectrum of myotonic dystrophy, which in milder cases may not be diagnosed until adulthood. The goal of the study was to identify and quantitate the musculoskeletal deformities which may significantly affect the function of children with CMD.

Methods: A retrospective chart and radiograph review was performed after Institutional Review Board approval for all cases of myotonic dystrophy from 1987 to 2004 followed at a children‘s specialty orthopaedic hospital. Inclusion criteria were either a conclusive testing for CMD by gene testing, electromyography, and/or muscle biopsy in the child or parent and the presence of a typical clinical picture. Skeletal manifestations were classified by body segment (upper extremity, hand, spine, hip, lower extremity, foot) and by the type of deformity. Surgical procedures and outcomes were also documented.

Results: Thirty children and adolescents met the inclusion criteria. The male/female ratio was 1 (15 boys and 15 girls). In 27 cases, the mother transmitted the disease, and in 2 cases, the father transmitted the disease; in one case, it was impossible to reconstitute the family history of the child who was adopted. The mean age at onset of gait was 29 months. Twenty-two (73%) out of 30 children underwent surgery for lower extremity-, foot-, or spinal-related deformities. The mean follow-up was 11.4 years (range, 3-20 years).

No contractures or deformities were observed in the upper extremities. Spinal deformities affected 9 patients (30%), and 3 of these required surgery. These spinal deformities when present usually had an early onset and included thoracolumbar scoliosis as well as kyphoscoliosis. Problems at the level of the hips and knee were infrequent and included only 2 patients who had unilateral hip abduction contracture and 1 patient who had significant fixed knee flexion contracture. Congenital clubfoot occurred in 5 patients (17%) and generally responded well after posteromedial release and recurrence occurred in only one case. Developmental equinusand equinovarus exclusive of clubfoot affected 7 patients (23%), 70% of whom required surgery. Outcome after Achilles tendon lengthening was positive, and many of the children began walking soon after the Achilles lengthening, and recurrence did not occur.

Conclusions: Child with CMD are at high risk for musculoskeletal deformities of the spine and lower extremities. In our experience, correction and improved function were likely after surgery.

Level of Evidence: Retrospective study; level IV

© 2009 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Exercise can help with Myotonic Dystrophy

There is no treatment for myotonic dystrophy…yet. In the interim period a new study shows that behaorial therapy and exercise can help to stem the huge impact this disease has on patients. Here is the conclusion : 

Interpretation Cognitive behavioural therapy increased the capacity for activity and social participation in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 at 10 months. With no curative treatment and few symptomatic treatments, cognitive behavioural therapy could be considered for use in severely fatigued patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1.

However, in reviewing the study this approach requires huge amount of medical resources that may not be available. Hours of analysis of the issues with patients and then tailoring the approach to each patient and tweaking it periodically. Working with a medical professionals for hours is very expensive and most health systems ahve no way to accomplish this.

Cognitive behavioural therapy with optional graded
exercise therapy in patients with severe fatigue with myotonic
dystrophy type 1: a multicentre, single-blind, randomised trial


Kees Okkersen, Cecilia Jimenez-Moreno, Stephan Wenninger, Ferroudja Daidj, Jeffrey Glennon, Sarah Cumming, Roberta Littleford,
Darren G Monckton, Hanns Lochmüller, Michael Catt, Catharina G Faber, Adrian Hapca, Peter T Donnan, Gráinne Gorman, Guillaume Bassez,
Benedikt Schoser, Hans Knoop, Shaun Treweek, Baziel G M van Engelen, for the OPTIMISTIC consortium†


Summary
Background Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is the most common form of muscular dystrophy in adults and leads to severe fatigue, substantial physical functional impairment, and restricted social participation. In this study, we aimed to
determine whether cognitive behavioural therapy optionally combined with graded exercise compared with standard care alone improved the health status of patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1.


Methods We did a multicentre, single-blind, randomised trial, at four neuromuscular referral centres with experience in treating patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 located in Paris (France), Munich (Germany), Nijmegen (Netherlands), and Newcastle (UK). Eligible participants were patients aged 18 years and older with a confirmed
genetic diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1, who were severely fatigued (ie, a score of ≥35 on the checklistindividual strength, subscale fatigue). We randomly assigned participants (1:1) to either cognitive behavioural therapy plus standard care and optional graded exercise or standard care alone. Randomisation was done via a central webbased system, stratified by study site. Cognitive behavioural therapy focused on addressing reduced patient initiative, increasing physical activity, optimising social interaction, regulating sleep–wake patterns, coping with pain, and
addressing beliefs about fatigue and myotonic dystrophy type 1. Cognitive behavioural therapy was delivered over a 10-month period in 10–14 sessions. A graded exercise module could be added to cognitive behavioural therapy in Nijmegen and Newcastle. The primary outcome was the 10-month change from baseline in scores on the DM1-Activ-c scale, a measure of capacity for activity and social participation (score range 0–100). Statistical analysis of the primary outcome included all participants for whom data were available, using mixed-effects linear regression models with
baseline scores as a covariate. Safety data were presented as descriptives

This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials. gov, number NCT02118779.


Findings Between April 2, 2014, and May 29, 2015, we randomly assigned 255 patients to treatment: 128 to cognitive behavioural therapy plus standard care and 127 to standard care alone. 33 (26%) of 128 assigned to cognitive behavioural therapy also received the graded exercise module. Follow-up continued until Oct 17, 2016. The DM1- Activ-c score increased from a mean (SD) of 61·22 (17·35) points at baseline to 63·92 (17·41) at month 10 in the cognitive behavioural therapy group (adjusted mean difference 1·53, 95% CI –0·14 to 3·20), and decreased from 63·00 (17·35) to 60·79 (18·49) in the standard care group (–2·02, –4·02 to –0·01), with a mean difference between groups of 3·27 points (95% CI 0·93 to 5·62, p=0·007). 244 adverse events occurred in 65 (51%) patients in the cognitive behavioural therapy group and 155 in 63 (50%) patients in the standard care alone group, the most common
of which were falls (155 events in 40 [31%] patients in the cognitive behavioural therapy group and 71 in 33 [26%] patients in the standard care alone group). 24 serious adverse events were recorded in 19 (15%) patients in the cognitive
behavioural therapy group and 23 in 15 (12%) patients in the standard care alone group, the most common of which were gastrointestinal and cardiac. Interpretation Cognitive behavioural therapy increased the capacity for activity and social participation in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 at 10 months. With no curative treatment and few symptomatic treatments, cognitive behavioural therapy could be considered for use in severely fatigued patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1.

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Clinical Diagnosis Protocol – Consotorium (in Spanish)

This is a paper that is the sesult of a meeting of doctors in Spain and a consortium of ideas on how to diagnosis myotonic dystrophy. It is in Spanish

Clinical-Guide-to-disagnosing-Myotonic-dystrophy

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The Christopher Project – Myotonic Dystrophy Survey

This is a comprehensive survey of the Myotonic Dystrophy Population. Its very interesting for me personally as my Sons name is Christopher and he was born in the Midwest. Recently the Report was mailed to interested parties and there is a link to the Full report at the very end of the report. I would recommend that you fill out the form and the receive the full report. There are some data summaries and survey samples in this post as well. Over 4,000 surveys were sent out to a randomized group of contacts on patient organization and others mailing list. Over 1000 were returned. Here is some summary information about the report.

The Christopher Project is a collaborative research project between national patient advocacy organizations, healthcare providers, and patients and families in the USA and Canada. It was designed to complement existing research by directly surveying patients and their family members/caregivers about their experience living with myotonic dystrophy.
To accomplish this, a large survey was distributed to patients in the summer of 2014 and a follow-up survey was distributed to family members/caregivers in early 2015. This Data Supplement is a summary of all of the responses to the questions asked on both surveys, presented as ‘frequency tables’ (i.e., how ‘frequently’ each answer appeared).
This Data Supplement is a companion to the main Christopher Project Report to the Myotonic Dystrophy Community, which can be found online at: www.christopherproject.org.

ChristopherProject-Patient-Survey-SAMPLE

Continue reading
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SPARK PROGRAM FOR AUTISM

There is a new registry for Autism based at Univ California San Diego. This is called the Spark Program. 50% of children with myotonic dystrophy have some type of autism. I think that studying the autism in myotonic dystrophy would lead to some discovery of the genetic basis of autism.

If you or your child has a professional diagnosis of autism, you are eligible to participate in the SPARK research study!

Help Speed Up Autism Research: Join SPARK today!

What is SPARK?
SPARK is the largest autism research project in US history, seeking to create a cohort of 50,00 individuals diagnosed with ASD and their biological family members. The entire autism community is encouraged to participate! There is NO cost to take part in SPARK. The research is sponsored by the Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI). We hope that this will lead to more insights of autism in myotonic dystrophy

Our Goal:
Our goal is to build a community of 50,000 individuals with autism and their biological family members as we seek to speed up research and improve our understanding of autism — including learning what causes autism and how best to treat it. UCSD Autism Center of Excellence and over 25 of the nation’s leading medical schools and autism research centers are part of this effort. The entire autism community is encouraged to participate! There is NO cost to take part in SPARK.

What We Do:
SPARK researchers extract genetic data through a saliva sample, and they study genes and information collected from thousands of people and their biological parents. At the same time, we aim to make participation as simple as possible, create an interconnected community, and share resources and information to our participants! We hope you will join us! 

How to Join:

  1. Sign-up online: here. It only takes 20 minutes. 
    *If you are prompted with the question: Were you referred by a university, hospital, or registry? Please selectUCSD/SARRC
  2. Complete a few questionnaires online. 
  3. Provide a saliva sample. A saliva collection kit will be mailed to your home within 2-3 weeks after completing the registration. When you are done, simply mail it back to us for free. 

Benefits of Joining:

  1. If a genetic finding is discovered related to the cause of autism in a saliva sample, results will be shred back with families.
  2. Individuals with autism will receive gift cards valued up to $50 for participating.
  3. Families will have access to the latest research, articles, and monthly webinars featuring speakers from the autism community that provide useful information for families and diagnosed individuals.
  4. The information you provide will help others with ASD in the future!

If you have any questions or would like to schedule an in-home appointment to complete the study, please contact our SPARK coordinator at (858) 534-6906 or SPARKForAutism@ucsd.edu. 

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